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META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2024/25 | |
< < | <-- >> NB: At the moment the list below is still being updated for the 24/25 academic year << --> | > > | <!-- <b>>> NB: At the moment the list below is still being updated for the 24/25 academic year <<</b><b><br /></b> --> | |
Each finalist BSc student will have to do one project in the Spring term. Each project lasts the whole term. | | Projects A, B, C will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis. Project D is code-based.
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics | |
< < | Simulations of two-dimensional electron gases (2 projects). In both projects there is working code to solve simple problems; the student needs to understand the underlying maths and physics and then extend the code to more complicated problems. Output from the FlexPDE package can be plotted and further interpreted using Python.
| > > |
Simulations of two-dimensional electron gases (2 projects). In both projects there is working code to solve simple problems; the student needs to understand the underlying maths and physics and then extend the code to more complicated problems. Output from the FlexPDE package can be plotted and further interpreted using Python. | |
- Solve Laplace's equations subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, to visualise the current flow and calculate the resistance of an arbitrarily shaped 2D conductor with Ohmic contacts on its perimeter. Simulations will be performed using the finite element modelling package FlexPDE, and are applicable to experimental studies of 2D electron gases in semiconductors and graphene. This project is computer-based and builds on ideas in Electromagnetism and Solid State Physics.
- The ability to get rid of excess heat in quantum devices is important for device operation. A related project to option A above, again using FlexPDE, is to numerically solve the 2D heat equation to obtain the electron temperature T(x,y) in a heated 2D nanostructure. Using the software to solve problems with analytical solutions will give confidence to tackle more complicated situations, where the electrons are cooled by both the lattice (by emitting acoustic phonons) and the Ohmic contacts. The resulting heat maps will be used to understand recent measurements of the Nernst effect.
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- The Ising model: a gateway to phase transitions and critical phenomena
This is a project in theoretical and computational physics. The Ising model is the archetype of systems that exhibit a phase transition and has inspired generations of physicists. This theory project approaches the statistical mechanics and computational physics of the Ising model. This project requires a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
- Numerical study of percolation on a square lattice
This is a computational physics project. Percolation is a central problem in statistical mechanics. This computational project explores numerical algorithms (Hoshen-Kopelman, Newman-Ziff) for studying site percolation on a square lattice. This is a challenging project, requiring a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and strong enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
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> > | Dr Alessio Spurio Mancini - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students
- Improving our cosmological model: a machine learning perspective
This is a project in theoretical and computational physics. Ongoing and future large-scale astronomical surveys aim to probe the nature of gravity on cosmological scales, in order to provide a better picture of our cosmological model by pinning down the nature of key components of our Universe like dark energy and dark matter. Providing numerical predictions for competing cosmological models is becoming increasingly more computationally intensive as we explore ever more sophisticated cosmological models. Artificial Intelligence can be used to accelerate these theoretical predictions and ultimately test these theories against observations. This project will explore approaches to compute key cosmological predictions with machine learning techniques. The project will involve the use of our computing cluster. It requires excellent Python programming skills and PH2150 is a requirement.
| | Prof. Pedro Teixeira-Dias - Particle Physics, Computational Physics
- Time evolution of quantum-mechanical wave packets in 1D
The aim of this project is to write a computer program that calculates the time-evolution of a quantum-mechanical particle in one dimension, for different choices of potential. The student will use wave packets to describe a non-relativistic particle of non-zero mass m and momentum p. The program will be used to prepare snapshots of the probability density for the particle, as a function of time. Using the program the student will then demonstrate some of the following: dispersion of the wave packet, scattering at a potential step, tunnelling through a barrier, etc. This project builds on material from the 2nd year Quantum Mechanics course.
- Numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a nuclear pile
The aim of this project is to write a computer program to implement a numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a 2D nuclear pile. A real nuclear pile -- in order to be able to sustain a nuclear chain reaction with a steady release of energy -- must include different components: fissionable fuel, a neutron moderating material, and "control rods" for neutron absorption. A basic output of the program will be the energy released as a function of time. Once the program has been written the student will be able to use it as a tool to investigate: what are the conditions required for achieving a steady-state energy release; how the dimensions of the pile affect its energy output; how the density, or geometric configuration, of the pile components affects the performance of the pile, etc.
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META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
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< < | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2023/24 | > > | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2024/25
<-- >> NB: At the moment the list below is still being updated for the 24/25 academic year << --> | |
Each finalist BSc student will have to do one project in the Spring term. Each project lasts the whole term. | |
< < | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 23/24. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each supervisor's name is a separate project. | > > | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 24/25. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each supervisor's name is a separate project. | |
Prof. Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics | |
< < |
- Observation and analysis of the dual Shapiro steps
In this project you will learn the theory behind the current quantization in a Josephson Junction, participate in experimental observation of the current quantization (dual Shapiro steps), and perform modelling of the experimental curves in Python.
- Physics and Technology of Terahertz Spectroscopy
You will carry experiments with the THZ laser and spectra and refractive index of different materials and meta-surfaces.
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- Development of technology for harvesting solar power for house heating
In this project, you will l do an experimental assessment of a house heating system based on chemical energy storage. The project includes assembly and programming the experimental setup, measuring the heat exchange process, and modelling the heating system.
- Characterization of the semiconductor detector for the telecom wavelength applications
The project concerns the experimental study of the detector's operation developed at RHUL for telecom wavelength. You will assemble and program the experimental setup, measure the performance and model the detector's operation.
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Dr Greg Ashton - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students | |
< < | All three projects are computing-based projects and require the use of python. Students should have undertaken PH3010 and PH2150. | > > |
- Development of a table-top demonstration of a gravitational-wave detector
In this project you will develop a table-top demonstration of a network of gravitational-wave detectors. The primary focus will be to demonstrate how multiple detectors can identify the location of a source by using a Raspberry Pi attached to water-level sensors. This will involve the development of the circuitry to measure the signal and interfacing the electronics with a Python program to infer the source position. Students should be comfortable with the computing and data analysis elements of PH2150 and PH3010.
- Fuzzy inference and the application to gravitational-wave astronomy
In this project, you will learn how to apply computational Bayesian inference to analyse gravitational-wave signals. We will then develop a novel fuzzy inference algorithm that enables analyses to capture additional degrees of uncertainty in the signal and noise models. This will involve utilise the computing cluster, developing a python program for inference, adapting it to perform fuzzy inference, and visualising the improvements. Students should be comfortable with the computing and data analysis elements of PH2150 and PH3010.
- Projects related to data collection with the RHUL observatory and data analysis using python. See examples of projects from Glen Cowan, the exact nature of the project will be decided in coordination with the student but will involve the utilisation of the telescope and the development of analysis routines. Students should have taken PH2260, PH3900 and PH3920 (concurrent) and be comfortable with the computing and data analysis elements of PH2150 and PH3010.
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< < |
- Development of a table-top demonstration of a gravitational-wave detector
In this project you will develop a table-top demonstration of gravitational-wave localisation using a Raspberry Pi attached to water-level sensors. The goal is to use the sensors to identify disturbances and, in real-time, pinpoint the location. This will involve the development of the circuitry to measure the signal, and a program to infer the source position.
- Measuring the properties of black holes observed by the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors
Since 2015, we have observed nearly 100 black hole collisions using kilometre-scale interferometers. But, these signals are buried in the noise. You will learn how to apply parameter estimation algorithms to extract the signals and infer the mass and spin of the colliding black holes. You will then go on to study how the methods can be applied to simulated signals to make predictions for the observability of beyond General Relativity physics in current and future detectors.
- Investigating the flickering of the Vela radio pulsar
Radio pulsars are rapidly spinning neutron stars which emit a beam of radiation. Jocelyn Bell first observed these in the 1960s and we have since observed thousands. The Vela pulsar is a particularly interesting case as every few years in undergoes a glitch in which the rotation frequency suddenly increases. You will study the pulse-profile variability of the Vela radio pulsar around a glitch to understand how variations in its profile can provide insights into the magnetospheric activity of the star during the glitch.
| > > | All three projects are computing-based projects and require the use of python. Students should have undertaken PH3010 and PH2150. | | | |
< < | Dr Tracey Berry - Particle Physics | > > | Prof. Tracey Berry - Particle Physics | |
- Search for New Physics using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider
Learn how to identify known particles in the ATLAS detector and then investigate beyond the Standard Model particles/physics (such as new Z' bosons or gravitons) from studying their decay products (particles). This project involves writing code in C++/Python. Prior knowledge of C++/Python is useful, but not required.
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< < | Dr Andrew Casey - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics | > > | Prof. Veronique Boisvert - Studies related to Energy or Climate Science
- Investigation into the UK climate: is there evidence from climate change in the UK climate data collected by the MET Office?
This is a computing-based project (PH2150 is sufficient). Priority is given to students registered on (or officially auditing) PH3040.
- Investigation into the UK electricity grid: is it ready for carbon-free production?
This is a computing-based project (PH2150 is sufficient). Priority is given to students registered on (or officially auditing) PH3040.
Prof. Andrew Casey - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics | |
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
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< < | Prof. Glen Cowan - Astrophysics Projects Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students | > > | Prof. Glen Cowan - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students | | Both of the projects below involve data collection with the observatory and data analysis using python. Students should have taken PH2260, PH3900 and PH3920 (concurrent) and be comfortable with the computing and data analysis elements of PH2150 and PH3010.
- Photometry of the White Dwarf 40 Eri B
The project will include:
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- Photometry using either aperture method or PSF fit.
- Interpretation of the HR diagram (cluster age, main-sequence slope).
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< < | Prof. Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics
- Microwave devices for accelerator diagnostics and quantum computing (Dr Alexey Lyapin)
- Project 1 (data analysis, computational, signal processing, machine learning, Python): Processing and analysis of nanometre resolution particle beam position measurements using real data from an accelerator in Japan, work on novel methods of signal processing.
- Project 2 (computational, electromagnetic simulations, partial differential equations, Python): Testing our adaptions of high performance finite elements (FEM) partial differential equation (PDE) solvers (NGSolve, Elmer etc) to problems common in Accelerator Physics, creating example geometries using Python interfaces and comparing to known analytic solutions.
- Project 3 (hardware, hands-on, simulation, printed circuit board (PCB) design, radio frequency (RF) component design): Design of components and subsystems such as filters, couplers, dividers for GHz frequency electronics, simulations, PCB design and layout. In-house PCB prototyping and assembly. Potential contributions to: RF synthesizers, arbitrary waveform generators, control systems and signal processing electronics.
- Medical accelerator physics (Dr William Shields)
The student will have a choice of two projects, allowing them to choose either a more accelerator based project or a medical project. Some knowledge of Accelerator Physics and Unix/Linux operating system is desirable, but not essential. The project will require programming in python; competence in python programming is a requirement.
- Option 1: Simulating LhARA, the Laser hybrid Accelerator for Radiobiological Applications
This project will investigate modelling of LhARA, a proposed radiobiology research facility. LhARA uses novel acceleration methods to generate beams of protons at 15 MeV, or ions such as carbon at 4 MeV/u. In stage 1 of LhARA, these beams are delivered to a radiobiology end station where they irradiate cells in vitro. In this project, you will model the end station setup in simulations, determine the maximum dose that LhARA can deliver, and subsequently parameterise the dosimetry for a range of irradiation scenarios. Techniques & methodologies learnt will be subsequently applied to the higher energy end station in stage 2 of LhARA for comparative dosimetry studies.
- Option 2: Modelling an Ion Therapy Accelerator
Delivering a therapeutic quality beam during proton/ion therapy requires performance considerations of both the accelerator & the gantry nozzle, the system that shapes the patient-specific beam prior to delivery. In an example hadron therapy accelerator model, the student will simulate the dose delivery, investigating & optimising the magnetic beam line components & gantry nozzle to improve deliverable dose rates & beam quality.
| > > | Prof. Stephen Gibson with Dr William Shields - Medical Accelerator Physics
Medical accelerator physics (Dr William Shields) The student(s) will have a choice of three accelerator physics simulation projects all of which have applications in accelerators for medicine. All students will be using the code BDSIM (beam delivery simulation), a Monte Carlo particle tracking tool developed at Royal Holloway. Some knowledge of accelerator physics and Unix/Linux command line experience is desirable, but not essential. Proficient python programming skills is a requirement.
- Option 1: Modelling permanent magnets for capturing proton beams
LhARA, the Laser hybrid Accelerator for Radiobiological Applications, is a proposed radiobiology research facility that will use novel acceleration methods to generate beams of protons for a wide range of energies. LhARA are keen to explore permanent magnet quadrupoles to optimise the capturing the divergent proton beams at an energy of 15 MeV. In this project, the student will simulate particle transport and optimise the magnets to achieve the best capture performance possible.
- Option 2: Simulating ion-acoustic dosimetry
The LhARA collaboration are developing a new technology for in-vivo dosimetry based on the ion-acoustic principle. In proton therapy, beams deposit their energy at the Bragg peak on a short time scale. This process causes a rapid thermal expansion effect that causes a pressure wave to be generated. By placing transducers around the target volume, it should be possible to record the pressure wave signals and reconstruct the dose location. In this project, the student will simulate either ion-acoustic signals with carbon ions, or characterisation of signals for a variety of beam parameters. The project will include simulating dose delivery in BDSIM as well as using the MATLAB code k-Wave.
- Option 3: Demonstrating momentum cooling of proton beams for radiobiology
Beams in particle accelerators have a spread of particle momenta around a nominal value. Energy selection systems typically remove these off momentum particles, however a recent system instead cools the beam with a wedge-shaped degrader. Whilst LhARA will nominally operate at 15 MeV for radiobiology research, the generated beam covers a much wider spectrum including energies up to around a factor of 2 higher. In this project, the student will explore the simulation of such a setup in the LhARA beam line. They will establish if the higher energy particles can be degraded to 15 MeV without significantly impacting the nominal energy protons, potentially increasing LhARAs deliverable dose rate.
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Prof. Jon Goff - Condensed Matter Physics | |
< < |
- Sodium-ion battery materials
The introduction of electric vehicles and renewable sources of energy has led to increased demand for batteries, and sodium is under consideration as a replacement for lithium. This project investigates how sodium ordering affects electrochemical performance. X-ray diffraction experiments will be performed (if possible) and computer simulations will also be performed to model the data.
- Disorder-induced quantum spin liquids
It has recently been proposed that structural disorder can be used induce long-range quantum entanglement. Structural diffuse neutron scattering has been observed from such a candidate quantum spin liquid. This is a theoretical project, and the aim is to understand the defect structures from the diffuse scattering data using computer simulations.
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- Battery materials for electric vehicles
The introduction of electric vehicles and renewable sources of energy has led to increased demand for batteries that are rechargeable, safer, and composed of earth-abundant elements. This project investigates how the structures of new materials for electrodes and solid-state electrolytes affect electrochemical performance. In this lab-based project, you will study powder samples using the Bruker D8 Discover and single crystals using the Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur X-Ray Diffractometers, and you will model your data with the instrumental data analysis software.
- Structures of superconducting qubits
Thin films are essential components in quantum technologies, and understanding their structures is key to optimising device performance. Using the Bruker D8 Discover X-Ray Diffractometer we are able to determine the structures, thicknesses and interfacial roughnesses of the thin films, as well as their epitaxial relationship with the substrate. In this lab-based project you will perform a variety of x-ray experiments including high-resolution x-ray diffraction, x-ray reflectivity and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction on a thin-film sample used in the fabrication of superconducting qubits, and you will model your data with the instrumental data analysis software.
Dr Vanessa Graber - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students
- Clustering the neutron star population with unsupervised machine learning
Neutron stars are compact astronomical objects that form in the supernova explosions of massive stars. To date, we know around 3,500 neutron stars which are observable through the emission of radio, gamma-ray and X-ray light, and show a remarkable (but so far unexplained) diversity. For this project, you will use Python to apply and compare modern clustering techniques to analyse preprocessed observational data from the so-called ATNF Pulsar Catalogue to perform unsupervised machine learning on the currently known population of neutron stars. This will allow you to identify different classes of neutron stars that make up the zoo of these diverse compact objects.
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Dr Andrew Ho - Condensed Matter Theory | |
< < | Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
- Quantum time evolution and thermalisation in a single quantum spin-1/2 coupled to a larger quantum bath
This is a theoretical project involving mainly computer simulation of quantum time evolution for a bunch of spin-1/2s coupled with neighbours via an exchange coupling. The questions to be addressed can involve one or more of: what does the short time evolution look like? what conditions are needed for some particular initial state to achieve thermalisation in this quantum system + bath set up? What is the timescale and form of the relaxation to equilibrium? If the system does not relax to equilibrium to eg. a Boltzmann distribution, what does it do? The project builds on material from Quantum mechanics (especially spin-1/2), PH2610 Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics. Some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc is expected. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Epidemic modelling via the physics of the kinetics of Crystallization
In non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, it is well known that quite different phenomenon like forest fires, epidemic spreading, and crystallization, etc can have surprisingly similar modelling in terms of coupled differential equations of "particles" or "agents". In this computational project, we will try to see if Covid-19 infection in various countries at various times could be modelled using some simple physical models. Prerequisites: some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc.
| > > |
Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
- Quantum time evolution and thermalisation in a single quantum spin-1/2 coupled to a larger quantum bath
This is a theoretical project involving mainly computer simulation of quantum time evolution for a bunch of spin-1/2s coupled with neighbours via an exchange coupling. The questions to be addressed can involve one or more of: what does the short time evolution look like? what conditions are needed for some particular initial state to achieve thermalisation in this quantum system + bath set up? What is the timescale and form of the relaxation to equilibrium? If the system does not relax to equilibrium to eg. a Boltzmann distribution, what does it do? The project builds on material from Quantum mechanics (especially spin-1/2), PH2610 Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics. Some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc is expected. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Epidemic modelling via the physics of the kinetics of Crystallization
In non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, it is well known that quite different phenomenon like forest fires, epidemic spreading, and crystallization, etc can have surprisingly similar modelling in terms of coupled differential equations of "particles" or "agents". In this computational project, we will try to see if Covid-19 infection in various countries at various times could be modelled using some simple physical models. Prerequisites: some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc.
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Dr Gregoire Ithier - Condensed Matter Quantum Devices | |
< < |
- Simulating the dynamics of a system of interacting identical quantum particles
The aim of the project is to study how an equilibrium distribution can emerge from the unitary quantum evolution of a closed system made of identical particles (e.g. fermions). From an initial out-of-equilibrium state, the objective is to integrate numerically the Schrφdinger equation and calculate predictions for physical observables such as particle occupation numbers. At large times, the possibility of a stationary state will be studied and any mismatch with the theoretical prediction (Fermi-Dirac distribution in the case of fermions) will be investigated. This project requires a good ability in python programming.
| > > |
- Simulating the dynamics of a system of interacting identical quantum particles
The aim of the project is to study how an equilibrium distribution can emerge from the unitary quantum evolution of a closed system made of identical particles (e.g. fermions). From an initial out-of-equilibrium state, the objective is to integrate numerically the Schrφdinger equation and calculate predictions for physical observables such as particle occupation numbers. At large times, the possibility of a stationary state will be studied and any mismatch with the theoretical prediction (Fermi-Dirac distribution in the case of fermions) will be investigated. This project requires a good ability in python programming.
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Dr Asher Kaboth - Particle Physics | |
< < |
- Modelling Dark Matter density distribution in galaxy rotation curves
The student will investigate how the observed rotation of stars around the centre of a galaxy gives evidence for the existence of Dark Matter.
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- Modelling Dark Matter density distribution in galaxy rotation curves
The student will investigate how the observed rotation of stars around the centre of a galaxy gives evidence for the existence of Dark Matter.
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Dr Pavel Karataev - Accelerator Physics
- Advanced simulations of electromagnetic processes in condensed media at ultra-relativistic energies
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- Development of a miniature pyroelectric accelerator
Dr Nikolas Kauer - Theoretical Particle Physics | |
< < |
- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
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- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formula for the H → W- W+ decay mode. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
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Dr Justyn Maund - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students
- The Shapes of Supernovae
Supernovae are the explosive deaths of certain types of stars. To probe the nature of the explosion we can look at their shapes, but all modern SNe are too distant to be imaged directly. In this project we will look at polarimetric observations of a SN to measure the degree of polarisation and infer the shape of the explosion. The project will use archival imaging data from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and will require knowledge of aperture photometry. All data analysis will be conducted using python.
| | Projects A, B, C will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis. Project D is code-based.
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics | |
< < |
- 1D Ballistic Wires
The goal is to model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a ballistic wire, a thin wire where there is little or no scattering, starting from the transmission probability and Fermi functions, which are themselves functions of energy and temperature. Python will be used to numerically calculate the electrical conductance, thermopower, and thermal conductance, from integrals in the literature. This project is computer-based and builds on material introduced in 2nd year Solid State Physics.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplace's equations subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, to visualise the current flow and calculate the resistance of an arbitrarily shaped 2D conductor with Ohmic contacts on its perimeter. Simulations will be performed using a standard finite element package (FlexPDE ), and will be applicable to experimental studies of 2D electron gases in semiconductors and graphene. This project is computer-based and builds on material introduced in 2nd year Electromagnetism and Solid State Physics.
Dr Philipp Niklowitz - Condensed Matter Physics
- Simulation of neutron diffraction of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to neutron diffraction data of metallic systems with relevance to magnetic quantum criticality and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
- Simulation of inelastic neutron scattering of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to inelastic neutron scattering data of metallic systems near magnetic quantum phase transitions with relevance to critical phenomena and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
| > > | Simulations of two-dimensional electron gases (2 projects). In both projects there is working code to solve simple problems; the student needs to understand the underlying maths and physics and then extend the code to more complicated problems. Output from the FlexPDE package can be plotted and further interpreted using Python.
- Solve Laplace's equations subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, to visualise the current flow and calculate the resistance of an arbitrarily shaped 2D conductor with Ohmic contacts on its perimeter. Simulations will be performed using the finite element modelling package FlexPDE, and are applicable to experimental studies of 2D electron gases in semiconductors and graphene. This project is computer-based and builds on ideas in Electromagnetism and Solid State Physics.
- The ability to get rid of excess heat in quantum devices is important for device operation. A related project to option A above, again using FlexPDE, is to numerically solve the 2D heat equation to obtain the electron temperature T(x,y) in a heated 2D nanostructure. Using the software to solve problems with analytical solutions will give confidence to tackle more complicated situations, where the electrons are cooled by both the lattice (by emitting acoustic phonons) and the Ohmic contacts. The resulting heat maps will be used to understand recent measurements of the Nernst effect.
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Dr Xavier Rojas - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics | |
< < |
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (lab-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This lab-based project involves mounting a low-cost apparatus to realise the experiment, studying the bouncing of droplets using photo/video imaging, and finding the range of parameters to study quantum-like features.
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (computer-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This computer-based project involves the analysis of bouncing droplets motion using coding and/or a tracking software.
| > > |
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (lab-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This lab-based project involves mounting a low-cost apparatus to realise the experiment, studying the bouncing of droplets using photo/video imaging, and finding the range of parameters to study quantum-like features.
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (computer-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This computer-based project involves the analysis of bouncing droplets motion using coding and/or a tracking software.
- Exploration of Nanosensing with Quantum Optomechanics (Theoretical or Experimental)
This project dives into the use of microwave cavity optomechanics to create highly sensitive nanosensors using mechanical membranes coupled to a microwave cavity. You will characterise this setup, exploring its potential in quantum sensing, biosensing, mass detection, and more. Ultimately, you will design a modified cavity to reach higher frequencies and enhanced performance.
- Aims:
- Learn the fundamentals of cavity optomechanics and its sensing applications.
- Characterise the systems coupling rate and noise floor using equipment
- Design a proposal to improve the sensitivity and operational frequency.
- Skills Gained:
- Optomechanics for sensing, noise spectral analysis, design thinking for high-sensitivity applications
- Prerequisites:
- Basic knowledge of electromagnetics and Python for data analysis.
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Dr Giovanni Sordi - Condensed Matter Theory, Computational Physics | |
< < |
- The Ising model: a gateway to phase transitions and critical phenomena
This is a project in theoretical and computational physics. The Ising model is the archetype of systems that exhibit a phase transition and has inspired generations of physicists. This theory project approaches the statistical mechanics and computational physics of the Ising model. This project requires a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
- Numerical study of percolation on a square lattice
This is a computational physics project. Percolation is a central problem in statistical mechanics. This computational project explores numerical algorithms (Hoshen-Kopelman, Newman-Ziff) for studying site percolation on a square lattice. This is a challenging project, requiring a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and strong enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
| > > |
- The Ising model: a gateway to phase transitions and critical phenomena
This is a project in theoretical and computational physics. The Ising model is the archetype of systems that exhibit a phase transition and has inspired generations of physicists. This theory project approaches the statistical mechanics and computational physics of the Ising model. This project requires a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
- Numerical study of percolation on a square lattice
This is a computational physics project. Percolation is a central problem in statistical mechanics. This computational project explores numerical algorithms (Hoshen-Kopelman, Newman-Ziff) for studying site percolation on a square lattice. This is a challenging project, requiring a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and strong enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
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Prof. Pedro Teixeira-Dias - Particle Physics, Computational Physics
- Time evolution of quantum-mechanical wave packets in 1D
The aim of this project is to write a computer program that calculates the time-evolution of a quantum-mechanical particle in one dimension, for different choices of potential. The student will use wave packets to describe a non-relativistic particle of non-zero mass m and momentum p. The program will be used to prepare snapshots of the probability density for the particle, as a function of time. Using the program the student will then demonstrate some of the following: dispersion of the wave packet, scattering at a potential step, tunnelling through a barrier, etc. This project builds on material from the 2nd year Quantum Mechanics course.
| | Prof. Stephen West - Theoretical Particle Physics
- General Relativity: Particle Motion Near Black Holes
The project involves the calculation of the equations of motion of particles moving in the gravitational fields of black holes. It will analyse what happens when two particles collide as they fall into a black hole, in particular, we will investigate the centre of mass energy of the collision. The general relativity module (PH3910) is a co-requisite for this project.
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< < | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 14 Nov 2023 | | \ No newline at end of file | |
> > | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 10 Nov 2024 | | \ No newline at end of file |
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META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
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- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
Dr Justyn Maund - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students | |
< < |
- The Shapes of Supernovae
Supernovae are the explosive deaths of certain types of stars. To probe the nature of the explosion we can look at their shapes, but all modern SNe are too distant to be imaged directly. In this project we will look at polarimetric observations of a SN to measure the degree of polarization and infer the shape of the explosion. The project will use archival imaging data from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and will require knowledge of aperture photometry.
| > > |
- The Shapes of Supernovae
Supernovae are the explosive deaths of certain types of stars. To probe the nature of the explosion we can look at their shapes, but all modern SNe are too distant to be imaged directly. In this project we will look at polarimetric observations of a SN to measure the degree of polarisation and infer the shape of the explosion. The project will use archival imaging data from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and will require knowledge of aperture photometry. All data analysis will be conducted using python.
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Prof. Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics |
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META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| | Dr Gregoire Ithier - Condensed Matter Quantum Devices
- Simulating the dynamics of a system of interacting identical quantum particles
The aim of the project is to study how an equilibrium distribution can emerge from the unitary quantum evolution of a closed system made of identical particles (e.g. fermions). From an initial out-of-equilibrium state, the objective is to integrate numerically the Schrφdinger equation and calculate predictions for physical observables such as particle occupation numbers. At large times, the possibility of a stationary state will be studied and any mismatch with the theoretical prediction (Fermi-Dirac distribution in the case of fermions) will be investigated. This project requires a good ability in python programming.
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< < | Dr Pavel Karataev - Particle Physics | > > | Dr Asher Kaboth - Particle Physics
- Modelling Dark Matter density distribution in galaxy rotation curves
The student will investigate how the observed rotation of stars around the centre of a galaxy gives evidence for the existence of Dark Matter.
Dr Pavel Karataev - Accelerator Physics | |
- Advanced simulations of electromagnetic processes in condensed media at ultra-relativistic energies
- Design and experimental test of efficient electromagnetic materials (complex structures and metamaterials) for applications in charged particle accelerators
- Development of a miniature pyroelectric accelerator
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< < | Dr Asher Kaboth - Particle Physics
- Modelling Dark Matter density distribution in galaxy rotation curves
The student will investigate how the observed rotation of stars around the centre of a galaxy gives evidence for the existence of Dark Matter.
| | Dr Nikolas Kauer - Theoretical Particle Physics
- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
| |
> > | Dr Justyn Maund - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students
- The Shapes of Supernovae
Supernovae are the explosive deaths of certain types of stars. To probe the nature of the explosion we can look at their shapes, but all modern SNe are too distant to be imaged directly. In this project we will look at polarimetric observations of a SN to measure the degree of polarization and infer the shape of the explosion. The project will use archival imaging data from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and will require knowledge of aperture photometry.
| | Prof. Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics
Possible projects include: |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
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- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (lab-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This lab-based project involves mounting a low-cost apparatus to realise the experiment, studying the bouncing of droplets using photo/video imaging, and finding the range of parameters to study quantum-like features.
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (computer-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This computer-based project involves the analysis of bouncing droplets motion using coding and/or a tracking software.
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< < | Prof. John Saunders - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
| | Dr Giovanni Sordi - Condensed Matter Theory, Computational Physics
- The Ising model: a gateway to phase transitions and critical phenomena
This is a project in theoretical and computational physics. The Ising model is the archetype of systems that exhibit a phase transition and has inspired generations of physicists. This theory project approaches the statistical mechanics and computational physics of the Ising model. This project requires a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
- Numerical study of percolation on a square lattice
This is a computational physics project. Percolation is a central problem in statistical mechanics. This computational project explores numerical algorithms (Hoshen-Kopelman, Newman-Ziff) for studying site percolation on a square lattice. This is a challenging project, requiring a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and strong enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
| | Both projects require writing a computer program from scratch. Therefore, computer-programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects.
Prof. Stephen West - Theoretical Particle Physics | |
< < |
- General Relativity: Particle Motion Near Black Holes
- Astro-Particle Physics: Dark Matter Model Building
| > > |
- General Relativity: Particle Motion Near Black Holes
The project involves the calculation of the equations of motion of particles moving in the gravitational fields of black holes. It will analyse what happens when two particles collide as they fall into a black hole, in particular, we will investigate the centre of mass energy of the collision. The general relativity module (PH3910) is a co-requisite for this project.
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-- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 14 Nov 2023 |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
< < | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2022/23 | > > | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2023/24 | |
Each finalist BSc student will have to do one project in the Spring term. Each project lasts the whole term. | |
< < | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 22/23. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each supervisor's name is a separate project. | > > | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 23/24. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each supervisor's name is a separate project. | |
Prof. Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics | |
< < |
- Physics and Technology Related to Terahertz Spectroscopy and the Refractive Index of Teflon
- The Operation of a Single Electron Transistor
| > > |
- Observation and analysis of the dual Shapiro steps
In this project you will learn the theory behind the current quantization in a Josephson Junction, participate in experimental observation of the current quantization (dual Shapiro steps), and perform modelling of the experimental curves in Python.
- Physics and Technology of Terahertz Spectroscopy
You will carry experiments with the THZ laser and spectra and refractive index of different materials and meta-surfaces.
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Dr Greg Ashton - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students | |
< < |
- Measuring the properties of black holes observed by the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors
Since 2015, we have observed nearly 100 black hole collisions using kilometre-scale interferometers. But, these signals are buried in the noise. You will learn how to apply parameter estimation algorithms to extract the signals and infer the mass and spin of the colliding black holes. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
- Algorithms for inference: from stochastic sampling to simulation-based inference
At the heart of many astronomical measurements is an algorithm to infer the source properties. You will learn the details of stochastic sampling inference algorithms used across physics to perform parameter estimation. You will then investigate how new Machine Learning algorithms are able to replace stochastic sampling yielding instantaneous results. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
- Developing a visualisation tool to explain how a gravitational-wave interferometer works
Perhaps the frequently asked question when explaining how we observe black holes using a Michelson interferometer is If light waves are stretched by gravitational waves, how can we use light as a ruler to detect gravitational waves?. You will develop a toy model of the interferometer to demonstrate the subtle answer to this question. The result will be a visualisation to help scientists and the public understand the often misunderstood answer to this question. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
- Developing an N-body simulation software with post-Newtonian corrections Throughout astronomy, we must model the dynamics of astronomical bodies. This is done by N-body software that evolves the governing equations of motion from some initial values. You will develop an N-body code from scratch, and investigate the importance of post-Newtonian corrections. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
| > > | All three projects are computing-based projects and require the use of python. Students should have undertaken PH3010 and PH2150.
- Development of a table-top demonstration of a gravitational-wave detector
In this project you will develop a table-top demonstration of gravitational-wave localisation using a Raspberry Pi attached to water-level sensors. The goal is to use the sensors to identify disturbances and, in real-time, pinpoint the location. This will involve the development of the circuitry to measure the signal, and a program to infer the source position.
- Measuring the properties of black holes observed by the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors
Since 2015, we have observed nearly 100 black hole collisions using kilometre-scale interferometers. But, these signals are buried in the noise. You will learn how to apply parameter estimation algorithms to extract the signals and infer the mass and spin of the colliding black holes. You will then go on to study how the methods can be applied to simulated signals to make predictions for the observability of beyond General Relativity physics in current and future detectors.
- Investigating the flickering of the Vela radio pulsar
Radio pulsars are rapidly spinning neutron stars which emit a beam of radiation. Jocelyn Bell first observed these in the 1960s and we have since observed thousands. The Vela pulsar is a particularly interesting case as every few years in undergoes a glitch in which the rotation frequency suddenly increases. You will study the pulse-profile variability of the Vela radio pulsar around a glitch to understand how variations in its profile can provide insights into the magnetospheric activity of the star during the glitch.
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Dr Tracey Berry - Particle Physics
- Search for New Physics using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider
Learn how to identify known particles in the ATLAS detector and then investigate beyond the Standard Model particles/physics (such as new Z' bosons or gravitons) from studying their decay products (particles). This project involves writing code in C++/Python. Prior knowledge of C++/Python is useful, but not required.
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< < | Prof. Veronique Boisvert - Particle Physics and Climate Science
- Studies related with the top quark using the ATLAS detector and simulated data
Investigation into aspects of top quark physics involving writing code in C++. Prior experience in C++ is not necessary, PH2150 is sufficient.
- Studies related with Climate Science
Investigation into aspects of climate science, focusing on climate change. This is a computing-based project (PH2150 is sufficient). This project is only available to students registered on (or officially auditing) PH3040.
| | Dr Andrew Casey - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
| |
-
- Interpretation of the HR diagram (cluster age, main-sequence slope).
Prof. Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics | |
< < |
- Microwave devices for accelerator diagnostics and quantum computing (Dr Alexey Lyapin)
A range of activities will be offered as projects ranging from purely simulation work in 3D electromagnetic simulation software to hands-on fabrication of printed circuit electronics boards in the lab. In most cases, the mix can be adjusted and tailored to the interests of the student. We are working on the following questions:
- nanometre resolution position measurements of particle beams in accelerators;
- femtosecond resolution beam arrival measurements for free electron lasers and diffraction imagers;
- readout systems for quantum computing, including radio frequency synthesizers, direct digital synthesis and arbitrary waveform generation, downconverter systems and digital signal processing.
- Medical accelerator physics (Dr William Shields)
The student will have a choice of two projects, allowing them to choose either a more accelerator based project or a medical project. Some knowledge of accelerator physics is desirable. The project will require programming in python; competence in python programming is a requirement.
- Option 1: Simulating ion therapy for dose characterisation and prediction
This project will investigate the role of nuclear fragmentation in simulations of ion therapy particle accelerators. By modelling doses delivered to a target in a radiotherapy environment, the student will characterise the delivered dose and the secondary particles originating from fragmentation of the therapeutic nuclei. Relationships between the dose and secondary particles will be established, working towards predictive methods of online dose reconstruction, particularly the dose profile, location, and density.
- Option 2: Dose formation in an ion therapy accelerator
Delivering a therapeutic quality beam during proton/ion therapy requires performance considerations of the both the accelerator & the gantry nozzle, the system that shapes the patient-specific beam prior to delivery. In an example hadron therapy accelerator model, the student will simulate the dose delivery, investigating & optimising the magnetic beam line components & gantry nozzle to improve deliverable dose rates & beam quality.
| > > |
- Microwave devices for accelerator diagnostics and quantum computing (Dr Alexey Lyapin)
- Project 1 (data analysis, computational, signal processing, machine learning, Python): Processing and analysis of nanometre resolution particle beam position measurements using real data from an accelerator in Japan, work on novel methods of signal processing.
- Project 2 (computational, electromagnetic simulations, partial differential equations, Python): Testing our adaptions of high performance finite elements (FEM) partial differential equation (PDE) solvers (NGSolve, Elmer etc) to problems common in Accelerator Physics, creating example geometries using Python interfaces and comparing to known analytic solutions.
- Project 3 (hardware, hands-on, simulation, printed circuit board (PCB) design, radio frequency (RF) component design): Design of components and subsystems such as filters, couplers, dividers for GHz frequency electronics, simulations, PCB design and layout. In-house PCB prototyping and assembly. Potential contributions to: RF synthesizers, arbitrary waveform generators, control systems and signal processing electronics.
- Medical accelerator physics (Dr William Shields)
The student will have a choice of two projects, allowing them to choose either a more accelerator based project or a medical project. Some knowledge of Accelerator Physics and Unix/Linux operating system is desirable, but not essential. The project will require programming in python; competence in python programming is a requirement.
- Option 1: Simulating LhARA, the Laser hybrid Accelerator for Radiobiological Applications
This project will investigate modelling of LhARA, a proposed radiobiology research facility. LhARA uses novel acceleration methods to generate beams of protons at 15 MeV, or ions such as carbon at 4 MeV/u. In stage 1 of LhARA, these beams are delivered to a radiobiology end station where they irradiate cells in vitro. In this project, you will model the end station setup in simulations, determine the maximum dose that LhARA can deliver, and subsequently parameterise the dosimetry for a range of irradiation scenarios. Techniques & methodologies learnt will be subsequently applied to the higher energy end station in stage 2 of LhARA for comparative dosimetry studies.
- Option 2: Modelling an Ion Therapy Accelerator
Delivering a therapeutic quality beam during proton/ion therapy requires performance considerations of both the accelerator & the gantry nozzle, the system that shapes the patient-specific beam prior to delivery. In an example hadron therapy accelerator model, the student will simulate the dose delivery, investigating & optimising the magnetic beam line components & gantry nozzle to improve deliverable dose rates & beam quality.
| |
Prof. Jon Goff - Condensed Matter Physics
- Sodium-ion battery materials
The introduction of electric vehicles and renewable sources of energy has led to increased demand for batteries, and sodium is under consideration as a replacement for lithium. This project investigates how sodium ordering affects electrochemical performance. X-ray diffraction experiments will be performed (if possible) and computer simulations will also be performed to model the data.
| | Dr Nikolas Kauer - Theoretical Particle Physics
- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
| |
< < | Prof. Jocelyn Monroe - Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics
- Characterisation of the the photon detection unit for the DarkSide-20k dark matter search experiment
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the instrumentation and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project involves both the photon-detection hardware and software (python or root). (Information on the DarkSide-20k experiment can be found here .)
- Simulation of the DarkSide-50 Dark Matter Search Experiment
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the simulation tools and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is computer-based, and will involve simulating dark matter interaction signals in the DarkSide-50 dark matter experiment. (Information on the DarkSide-50 experiment can be found here .)
| > > | Prof. Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics
Possible projects include:
- Extreme sensitivity motion detection system for a Cavendish-type gravity measurement: can we learn something from LIGO?
- Exploring the stability cone of a driven mechanical oscillator (as an analogue of non-linear effects in superconducting resonators)
(see, e.g. https://youtu.be/5oGYCxkgnHQ )
- A precision measurement system for gyroscopic motion, analysing the effects of precession, nutation, asymmetry and loss
- Developing vector calculus visualisation tools, python for div, grad, curl, the Helmholtz decomposition theorem, and all that
Projects A, B, C will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis. Project D is code-based. | |
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics
- 1D Ballistic Wires
The goal is to model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a ballistic wire, a thin wire where there is little or no scattering, starting from the transmission probability and Fermi functions, which are themselves functions of energy and temperature. Python will be used to numerically calculate the electrical conductance, thermopower, and thermal conductance, from integrals in the literature. This project is computer-based and builds on material introduced in 2nd year Solid State Physics.
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Both projects require writing a computer program from scratch. Therefore, computer-programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects. | |
< < | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 09 Nov 2022 | | \ No newline at end of file | |
> > | Prof. Stephen West - Theoretical Particle Physics
- General Relativity: Particle Motion Near Black Holes
- Astro-Particle Physics: Dark Matter Model Building
-- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 14 Nov 2023 |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
< < | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2021/22 | > > | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2022/23 | |
Each finalist BSc student will have to do one project in the Spring term. Each project lasts the whole term. | |
< < | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 21/22. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each supervisor's name is a separate project. | > > | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 22/23. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each supervisor's name is a separate project. | |
Prof. Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics
- Physics and Technology Related to Terahertz Spectroscopy and the Refractive Index of Teflon
- The Operation of a Single Electron Transistor
| |
< < | Prof. Oleg Astafiev - Nanophysics
- Superconducting Artificial Atoms
| > > | Dr Greg Ashton - Astrophysics Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students
- Measuring the properties of black holes observed by the LIGO gravitational-wave detectors
Since 2015, we have observed nearly 100 black hole collisions using kilometre-scale interferometers. But, these signals are buried in the noise. You will learn how to apply parameter estimation algorithms to extract the signals and infer the mass and spin of the colliding black holes. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
- Algorithms for inference: from stochastic sampling to simulation-based inference
At the heart of many astronomical measurements is an algorithm to infer the source properties. You will learn the details of stochastic sampling inference algorithms used across physics to perform parameter estimation. You will then investigate how new Machine Learning algorithms are able to replace stochastic sampling yielding instantaneous results. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
- Developing a visualisation tool to explain how a gravitational-wave interferometer works
Perhaps the frequently asked question when explaining how we observe black holes using a Michelson interferometer is If light waves are stretched by gravitational waves, how can we use light as a ruler to detect gravitational waves?. You will develop a toy model of the interferometer to demonstrate the subtle answer to this question. The result will be a visualisation to help scientists and the public understand the often misunderstood answer to this question. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
- Developing an N-body simulation software with post-Newtonian corrections Throughout astronomy, we must model the dynamics of astronomical bodies. This is done by N-body software that evolves the governing equations of motion from some initial values. You will develop an N-body code from scratch, and investigate the importance of post-Newtonian corrections. This is a computer-based project which will use python; PH2150 is sufficient.
| |
Dr Tracey Berry - Particle Physics
- Search for New Physics using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider
Learn how to identify known particles in the ATLAS detector and then investigate beyond the Standard Model particles/physics (such as new Z' bosons or gravitons) from studying their decay products (particles). This project involves writing code in C++/Python. Prior knowledge of C++/Python is useful, but not required.
| |
- Studies related with the top quark using the ATLAS detector and simulated data
Investigation into aspects of top quark physics involving writing code in C++. Prior experience in C++ is not necessary, PH2150 is sufficient.
- Studies related with Climate Science
Investigation into aspects of climate science, focusing on climate change. This is a computing-based project (PH2150 is sufficient). This project is only available to students registered on (or officially auditing) PH3040.
| |
< < | Prof. Stewart Boogert / Accelerator Physics and Particle Physics
- Simulation of proton and ion cancer therapy particle accelerators
| | Dr Andrew Casey - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
| |
< < | Prof. Glen Cowan - Astrophysics Projects Reserved for BSc Astrophysics students | > > | Prof. Glen Cowan - Astrophysics Projects Priority given to BSc Astrophysics students
Both of the projects below involve data collection with the observatory and data analysis using python. Students should have taken PH2260, PH3900 and PH3920 (concurrent) and be comfortable with the computing and data analysis elements of PH2150 and PH3010. | |
- Photometry of the White Dwarf 40 Eri B
The project will include:
- Observation of the 40 Eridani system with RVB filters.
- Characterization of the telescope and CCD camera, Statistical model of CCD output, Student's t model of Point Spread Function.
| |
-
- Photometry using either aperture method or PSF fit.
- Interpretation of the HR diagram (cluster age, main-sequence slope).
| |
< < | Dr Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics
- Simulations of laser particle beam interactions for medical and other applications
Non-invasive laserwire diagnostics to measure the properties of relativistic particle beams have been developed in recent years at the John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science at Royal Holloway, and demonstrated at Linac4, the new injector for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Software tools have been developed to simulate the interaction of the laser with the hydrogen ion beam and calculate the yield of neutralised particles. This project will extend the existing simulations to study novel diagnostics methods and/or the possibility of using a laser to generate and control a particle beam for medical and other applications. Some experience in python / C++ code would be useful and / or would be gained throughout the project.
| > > | Prof. Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics
- Microwave devices for accelerator diagnostics and quantum computing (Dr Alexey Lyapin)
A range of activities will be offered as projects ranging from purely simulation work in 3D electromagnetic simulation software to hands-on fabrication of printed circuit electronics boards in the lab. In most cases, the mix can be adjusted and tailored to the interests of the student. We are working on the following questions:
- nanometre resolution position measurements of particle beams in accelerators;
- femtosecond resolution beam arrival measurements for free electron lasers and diffraction imagers;
- readout systems for quantum computing, including radio frequency synthesizers, direct digital synthesis and arbitrary waveform generation, downconverter systems and digital signal processing.
- Medical accelerator physics (Dr William Shields)
The student will have a choice of two projects, allowing them to choose either a more accelerator based project or a medical project. Some knowledge of accelerator physics is desirable. The project will require programming in python; competence in python programming is a requirement.
- Option 1: Simulating ion therapy for dose characterisation and prediction
This project will investigate the role of nuclear fragmentation in simulations of ion therapy particle accelerators. By modelling doses delivered to a target in a radiotherapy environment, the student will characterise the delivered dose and the secondary particles originating from fragmentation of the therapeutic nuclei. Relationships between the dose and secondary particles will be established, working towards predictive methods of online dose reconstruction, particularly the dose profile, location, and density.
- Option 2: Dose formation in an ion therapy accelerator
Delivering a therapeutic quality beam during proton/ion therapy requires performance considerations of the both the accelerator & the gantry nozzle, the system that shapes the patient-specific beam prior to delivery. In an example hadron therapy accelerator model, the student will simulate the dose delivery, investigating & optimising the magnetic beam line components & gantry nozzle to improve deliverable dose rates & beam quality.
| |
Prof. Jon Goff - Condensed Matter Physics
- Sodium-ion battery materials
The introduction of electric vehicles and renewable sources of energy has led to increased demand for batteries, and sodium is under consideration as a replacement for lithium. This project investigates how sodium ordering affects electrochemical performance. X-ray diffraction experiments will be performed (if possible) and computer simulations will also be performed to model the data.
| |
Dr Andrew Ho - Condensed Matter Theory
Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
| |
< < |
- Quantum time evolution and thermalisation in a single quantum spin-1/2 coupled to a larger quantum bath
This is a theoretical project involving mainly computer simulation of a small number of spin-1/2s coupled with neighbours via an exchange coupling. The questions to be addressed can involve one or more of: what conditions are needed for some particular initial state to achieve thermalisation in this quantum system + bath set up? What is the timescale and form of the relaxation to equilibrium? If the system does not relax to equilibrium to eg. A Boltzmann distribution, what does it do? The project builds on material from Quantum mechanics (especially spin-1/2), PH2610 Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics. Some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc is expected. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Epidemic modelling via the physics of the kinetics of Crystallization
In non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, it is well known that quite different phenomenon like forest fires, epidemic spreading, and crystallization, etc can have surprisingly similar modelling in terms of coupled differential equations of "particles" or "agents". In this computational project, we will try to see if Covid-19 infection in various countries (at least for the first wave) could be modelled using some simple physical models. Prerequisites: some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc.
| > > |
- Quantum time evolution and thermalisation in a single quantum spin-1/2 coupled to a larger quantum bath
This is a theoretical project involving mainly computer simulation of quantum time evolution for a bunch of spin-1/2s coupled with neighbours via an exchange coupling. The questions to be addressed can involve one or more of: what does the short time evolution look like? what conditions are needed for some particular initial state to achieve thermalisation in this quantum system + bath set up? What is the timescale and form of the relaxation to equilibrium? If the system does not relax to equilibrium to eg. a Boltzmann distribution, what does it do? The project builds on material from Quantum mechanics (especially spin-1/2), PH2610 Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics. Some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc is expected. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Epidemic modelling via the physics of the kinetics of Crystallization
In non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, it is well known that quite different phenomenon like forest fires, epidemic spreading, and crystallization, etc can have surprisingly similar modelling in terms of coupled differential equations of "particles" or "agents". In this computational project, we will try to see if Covid-19 infection in various countries at various times could be modelled using some simple physical models. Prerequisites: some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc.
| |
Dr Gregoire Ithier - Condensed Matter Quantum Devices | |
< < |
- Quantum dynamics of interacting fermions
This project aims at simulating numerically the quantum dynamics of a system of strongly interacting fermions, in order to study the new dynamical states of matter which have been observed in recent experiments. The project is both theoretical and computer based. The student will become familiar with the numerical technique of exact diagonalization and matrix manipulation in python.
| > > |
- Simulating the dynamics of a system of interacting identical quantum particles
The aim of the project is to study how an equilibrium distribution can emerge from the unitary quantum evolution of a closed system made of identical particles (e.g. fermions). From an initial out-of-equilibrium state, the objective is to integrate numerically the Schrφdinger equation and calculate predictions for physical observables such as particle occupation numbers. At large times, the possibility of a stationary state will be studied and any mismatch with the theoretical prediction (Fermi-Dirac distribution in the case of fermions) will be investigated. This project requires a good ability in python programming.
| |
Dr Pavel Karataev - Particle Physics
- Advanced simulations of electromagnetic processes in condensed media at ultra-relativistic energies
| | Dr Nikolas Kauer - Theoretical Particle Physics
- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
| |
< < | Prof. Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics
Possible projects include:
- Extreme sensitivity motion detection system for a Cavendish-type gravity measurement: can we learn something from LIGO?
- Exploring the stability cone of a driven mechanical oscillator (as an analogue of non-linear effects in superconducting resonators)
(see, e.g. https://youtu.be/5oGYCxkgnHQ )
- A precision measurement system for gyroscopic motion, analysing the effects of precession, nutation, asymmetry and loss
- Developing vector calculus visualisation tools, python for div, grad, curl, the Helmholtz decomposition theorem, and all that
Projects A, B, C will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis. Project D is code-based. | | Prof. Jocelyn Monroe - Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics | |
< < |
- Measurement of Lead in Drinking Water using Particle Astrophysics Technology
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the instrumentation and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is lab-based, and will involve measurements of trace levels of radioactivity from lead in the RHUL Dark Matter Lab. There is more information about the project here: http://www.plombox.org/
- Simulation of the DarkSide-50 Dark Matter Search Experiment
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the simulation tools and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is computer-based, and will involve simulating dark matter interaction signals in the DarkSide-50 dark matter experiment.
| > > |
- Characterisation of the the photon detection unit for the DarkSide-20k dark matter search experiment
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the instrumentation and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project involves both the photon-detection hardware and software (python or root). (Information on the DarkSide-20k experiment can be found here .)
- Simulation of the DarkSide-50 Dark Matter Search Experiment
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the simulation tools and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is computer-based, and will involve simulating dark matter interaction signals in the DarkSide-50 dark matter experiment. (Information on the DarkSide-50 experiment can be found here .)
| |
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics | |
< < |
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one-dimensional ballistic device, starting from the transmission probability T(E) and Fermi functions which are functions of energy and temperature. Python will be used to numerically calculate the electrical conductance, thermopower, and thermal conductance, from the integrals described in van Houten et al. [Semicond. Sci. Technol. 7, B215 (1992)]. This project builds on material in 2nd year Solid State Physics.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplace's equations subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, to visualise the current flow and calculate the resistance of an arbitrarily shaped 2D conductor with Ohmic contacts on its perimeter. Simulations will be performed using MATLAB, which is a standard programming package (College has a license), and will be applicable to experimental studies of 2D electron gases in semiconductors and graphene. This project builds on material introduced in 2nd year Electromagnetism and Solid State Physics.
| > > |
- 1D Ballistic Wires
The goal is to model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a ballistic wire, a thin wire where there is little or no scattering, starting from the transmission probability and Fermi functions, which are themselves functions of energy and temperature. Python will be used to numerically calculate the electrical conductance, thermopower, and thermal conductance, from integrals in the literature. This project is computer-based and builds on material introduced in 2nd year Solid State Physics.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplace's equations subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, to visualise the current flow and calculate the resistance of an arbitrarily shaped 2D conductor with Ohmic contacts on its perimeter. Simulations will be performed using a standard finite element package (FlexPDE ), and will be applicable to experimental studies of 2D electron gases in semiconductors and graphene. This project is computer-based and builds on material introduced in 2nd year Electromagnetism and Solid State Physics.
| |
Dr Philipp Niklowitz - Condensed Matter Physics
- Simulation of neutron diffraction of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to neutron diffraction data of metallic systems with relevance to magnetic quantum criticality and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
- Simulation of inelastic neutron scattering of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to inelastic neutron scattering data of metallic systems near magnetic quantum phase transitions with relevance to critical phenomena and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
Dr Xavier Rojas - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics | |
< < |
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). The project will involve building a low-cost apparatus to realise this experiment and find the regime of parameters where quantum-like features can be observed. The student will learn problem solving and data analysis skills.
| > > |
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (lab-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This lab-based project involves mounting a low-cost apparatus to realise the experiment, studying the bouncing of droplets using photo/video imaging, and finding the range of parameters to study quantum-like features.
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy (computer-based)
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). This computer-based project involves the analysis of bouncing droplets motion using coding and/or a tracking software.
| |
Prof. John Saunders - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
| |
Both projects require writing a computer program from scratch. Therefore, computer-programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects. | |
< < | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 09 Jun 2021 | > > | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 09 Nov 2022 | | \ No newline at end of file |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
- Development of a miniature pyroelectric accelerator
Dr Asher Kaboth - Particle Physics | |
< < |
- An investigation into producing a uniform image with a CCD camera using an LED calibrator
| > > |
- Modelling Dark Matter density distribution in galaxy rotation curves
The student will investigate how the observed rotation of stars around the centre of a galaxy gives evidence for the existence of Dark Matter.
| |
Dr Nikolas Kauer - Theoretical Particle Physics
- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
|
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
- Studies related with the top quark using the ATLAS detector and simulated data
Investigation into aspects of top quark physics involving writing code in C++. Prior experience in C++ is not necessary, PH2150 is sufficient.
- Studies related with Climate Science
Investigation into aspects of climate science, focusing on climate change. This is a computing-based project (PH2150 is sufficient). This project is only available to students registered on (or officially auditing) PH3040.
| |
> > | Prof. Stewart Boogert / Accelerator Physics and Particle Physics
- Simulation of proton and ion cancer therapy particle accelerators
| | Dr Andrew Casey - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
|
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
Dr Andrew Ho - Condensed Matter Theory
Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
| |
< < |
- Thermalisation in small quantum systems
This is a theoretical project involving numerical computation and some analytical calculation. The question is this: when a small quantum system is coupled to a larger quantum system, how does the small quantum system thermalise (or not!) after an initial perturbation that takes the system far from equilibrium? As the project involves tools, concepts from statistical physics, quantum mechanics and numerical simulations, you need to be comfortable and proficient in all these. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Many-body Localisation
Also a theoretical project involving numerical computation. Recent theoretical (and maybe also experimental) research has uncovered a class of quantum many-body systems where a system can never relax to thermal equilibrium: this involves a competition between disorder and strong interaction between the quantum particles. A key question is this: as we change the strength of the interaction, how does the system go from thermalising, to non-thermalising (said to be Many-body Localised)? Again the project involves tools, concepts from statistical physics, quantum mechanics and numerical simulations, so you need to be comfortable and proficient in all these. Reference: Nandkishore Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 6:15-38 (2015).
| > > |
- Quantum time evolution and thermalisation in a single quantum spin-1/2 coupled to a larger quantum bath
This is a theoretical project involving mainly computer simulation of a small number of spin-1/2s coupled with neighbours via an exchange coupling. The questions to be addressed can involve one or more of: what conditions are needed for some particular initial state to achieve thermalisation in this quantum system + bath set up? What is the timescale and form of the relaxation to equilibrium? If the system does not relax to equilibrium to eg. A Boltzmann distribution, what does it do? The project builds on material from Quantum mechanics (especially spin-1/2), PH2610 Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics. Some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc is expected. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Epidemic modelling via the physics of the kinetics of Crystallization
In non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, it is well known that quite different phenomenon like forest fires, epidemic spreading, and crystallization, etc can have surprisingly similar modelling in terms of coupled differential equations of "particles" or "agents". In this computational project, we will try to see if Covid-19 infection in various countries (at least for the first wave) could be modelled using some simple physical models. Prerequisites: some exposure to one of Mathematica, Python, C++, etc.
| |
Dr Gregoire Ithier - Condensed Matter Quantum Devices
- Quantum dynamics of interacting fermions
This project aims at simulating numerically the quantum dynamics of a system of strongly interacting fermions, in order to study the new dynamical states of matter which have been observed in recent experiments. The project is both theoretical and computer based. The student will become familiar with the numerical technique of exact diagonalization and matrix manipulation in python.
| |
Both projects require writing a computer program from scratch. Therefore, computer-programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects. | |
< < |
-- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 07 Jun 2021 | > > | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 09 Jun 2021 |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
< < | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2020/21 | > > | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2021/22 | | | |
< < | Each finalist BSc student will have to do one project in the Spring term. | > > | Each finalist BSc student will have to do one project in the Spring term. Each project lasts the whole term. | | | |
< < | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 20/21. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each name is a separate project. | > > | Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 21/22. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each supervisor's name is a separate project. | |
Prof. Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics
- Physics and Technology Related to Terahertz Spectroscopy and the Refractive Index of Teflon
| |
- Superconducting Artificial Atoms
Dr Tracey Berry - Particle Physics | |
< < |
- Search for New Physics using the ATLAS detector
Learn how to identify known particles in the ATLAS detector and then investigate beyond the Standard Model particles/physics (such as new Z' bosons or gravitons) from studying their decay products (particles). This project involves writing code in C++.
| > > |
- Search for New Physics using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider
Learn how to identify known particles in the ATLAS detector and then investigate beyond the Standard Model particles/physics (such as new Z' bosons or gravitons) from studying their decay products (particles). This project involves writing code in C++/Python. Prior knowledge of C++/Python is useful, but not required.
| |
Prof. Veronique Boisvert - Particle Physics and Climate Science
- Studies related with the top quark using the ATLAS detector and simulated data
Investigation into aspects of top quark physics involving writing code in C++. Prior experience in C++ is not necessary, PH2150 is sufficient.
| |
-
- Photometry using either aperture method or PSF fit.
- Interpretation of the HR diagram (cluster age, main-sequence slope).
| |
< < | Prof. Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics | > > | Dr Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics | |
- Simulations of laser particle beam interactions for medical and other applications
Non-invasive laserwire diagnostics to measure the properties of relativistic particle beams have been developed in recent years at the John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science at Royal Holloway, and demonstrated at Linac4, the new injector for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Software tools have been developed to simulate the interaction of the laser with the hydrogen ion beam and calculate the yield of neutralised particles. This project will extend the existing simulations to study novel diagnostics methods and/or the possibility of using a laser to generate and control a particle beam for medical and other applications. Some experience in python / C++ code would be useful and / or would be gained throughout the project.
Prof. Jon Goff - Condensed Matter Physics
- Sodium-ion battery materials
The introduction of electric vehicles and renewable sources of energy has led to increased demand for batteries, and sodium is under consideration as a replacement for lithium. This project investigates how sodium ordering affects electrochemical performance. X-ray diffraction experiments will be performed (if possible) and computer simulations will also be performed to model the data.
- Disorder-induced quantum spin liquids
It has recently been proposed that structural disorder can be used induce long-range quantum entanglement. Structural diffuse neutron scattering has been observed from such a candidate quantum spin liquid. This is a theoretical project, and the aim is to understand the defect structures from the diffuse scattering data using computer simulations.
| |
< < | Prof. David Heyes - Molecular Dynamics, Computational Physics
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation and transport coefficients of liquids
For over 50 years the computer simulation technique of Molecular Dynamics (MD) has proved an invaluable tool in understanding liquids and solids. MD acts as a bridge between theory and experiment, and shares some characteristics of the two approaches. The MD method involves solving Newton's equations of motion of a group of interacting model molecules by a time stepping procedure. This project will involve writing an MD program in either Python or C++ to simulate a simple liquid. The code you will write will be used to compute a range of important physical properties. These will include the self-diffusion coefficient of the molecules and possibly other transport coefficients. Computer programming and problem solving skills will be developed. Aspects of the statistical mechanics of liquids will be learned.
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation of confined liquids
There are many situations in nature and technology where a liquid is confined by walls (e.g., synovial fluid in body joints, and lubricants between bearings in engines). The physical properties of confined liquids can be quite different to those in the bulk. Liquids can be modelled using what are called 'particle based' computer simulation techniques, which treat the liquid at the individual molecule level. Many interacting molecules are considered in the simulation. For example, the technique of 'Molecular Dynamics' (MD) follows the trajectories of the individual molecules by solving Newton's equations of motion for their (coupled) trajectories. The project will involve writing an MD computer simulation code in either Python or C++. Some basic properties of liquids confined between walls, such as the density profile in the gap, will be calculated. Computer programming and problem solving skills will be developed. Aspects of the statistical mechanics of liquids in the bulk and in confinement will be learned.
| | Dr Andrew Ho - Condensed Matter Theory
Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
- Thermalisation in small quantum systems
This is a theoretical project involving numerical computation and some analytical calculation. The question is this: when a small quantum system is coupled to a larger quantum system, how does the small quantum system thermalise (or not!) after an initial perturbation that takes the system far from equilibrium? As the project involves tools, concepts from statistical physics, quantum mechanics and numerical simulations, you need to be comfortable and proficient in all these. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Many-body Localisation
Also a theoretical project involving numerical computation. Recent theoretical (and maybe also experimental) research has uncovered a class of quantum many-body systems where a system can never relax to thermal equilibrium: this involves a competition between disorder and strong interaction between the quantum particles. A key question is this: as we change the strength of the interaction, how does the system go from thermalising, to non-thermalising (said to be Many-body Localised)? Again the project involves tools, concepts from statistical physics, quantum mechanics and numerical simulations, so you need to be comfortable and proficient in all these. Reference: Nandkishore Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 6:15-38 (2015).
Dr Gregoire Ithier - Condensed Matter Quantum Devices | |
< < |
- Simulating a Josephson Bifurcation Amplifier
| > > |
- Quantum dynamics of interacting fermions
This project aims at simulating numerically the quantum dynamics of a system of strongly interacting fermions, in order to study the new dynamical states of matter which have been observed in recent experiments. The project is both theoretical and computer based. The student will become familiar with the numerical technique of exact diagonalization and matrix manipulation in python.
| |
Dr Pavel Karataev - Particle Physics
- Advanced simulations of electromagnetic processes in condensed media at ultra-relativistic energies
| | Dr Nikolas Kauer - Theoretical Particle Physics
- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
| |
< < | Dr Chris Lusher - Low temperature Physics
- Earths Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
The student will learns the principles of Nuclear Magnetic resonance (NMR) and study a variety of materials using an Earths Field NMR Spectrometer. Initial measurements will be concerned with improving the resolution and data acquisition associated with the spectrometer, with a view to observing signals from the phosphorus nuclei in phosphoric acid and doing simple imaging experiments with water phantoms.
| | Prof. Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics
Possible projects include: | |
< < |
- Extreme sensitivity motion detection system for a Cavendish-type gravity measurement, can we learn something from LIGO?
| > > |
- Extreme sensitivity motion detection system for a Cavendish-type gravity measurement: can we learn something from LIGO?
| |
- Exploring the stability cone of a driven mechanical oscillator (as an analogue of non-linear effects in superconducting resonators)
(see, e.g. https://youtu.be/5oGYCxkgnHQ )
- A precision measurement system for gyroscopic motion, analysing the effects of precession, nutation, asymmetry and loss
- Developing vector calculus visualisation tools, python for div, grad, curl, the Helmholtz decomposition theorem, and all that
| |
- Simulation of the DarkSide-50 Dark Matter Search Experiment
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the simulation tools and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is computer-based, and will involve simulating dark matter interaction signals in the DarkSide-50 dark matter experiment.
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics | |
< < |
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Measure or model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one dimensional device.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplaces equations subject to boundary conditions to find how the currect flows in different geometries. Needs Python and/or FlexPDE.
| > > |
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one-dimensional ballistic device, starting from the transmission probability T(E) and Fermi functions which are functions of energy and temperature. Python will be used to numerically calculate the electrical conductance, thermopower, and thermal conductance, from the integrals described in van Houten et al. [Semicond. Sci. Technol. 7, B215 (1992)]. This project builds on material in 2nd year Solid State Physics.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplace's equations subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, to visualise the current flow and calculate the resistance of an arbitrarily shaped 2D conductor with Ohmic contacts on its perimeter. Simulations will be performed using MATLAB, which is a standard programming package (College has a license), and will be applicable to experimental studies of 2D electron gases in semiconductors and graphene. This project builds on material introduced in 2nd year Electromagnetism and Solid State Physics.
| |
Dr Philipp Niklowitz - Condensed Matter Physics | |
< < |
- Simulation of neutron scattering of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to neutron scattering data of metallic systems near magnetic quantum phase transitions with relevance to critical phenomena and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
| > > |
- Simulation of neutron diffraction of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to neutron diffraction data of metallic systems with relevance to magnetic quantum criticality and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
- Simulation of inelastic neutron scattering of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to inelastic neutron scattering data of metallic systems near magnetic quantum phase transitions with relevance to critical phenomena and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
| |
Dr Xavier Rojas - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics | |
- Numerical study of percolation on a square lattice
This is a computational physics project. Percolation is a central problem in statistical mechanics. This computational project explores numerical algorithms (Hoshen-Kopelman, Newman-Ziff) for studying site percolation on a square lattice. This is a challenging project, requiring a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and strong enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
Prof. Pedro Teixeira-Dias - Particle Physics, Computational Physics | |
< < |
- Time evolution of quantum-mechanical wave packets in 1D
The aim of this project is to write a computer program that calculates the time-evolution of a quantum-mechanical particle in one dimension, for different choices of potential. The student will use wave packets to describe a non-relativistic particle of non-zero mass m and momentum p. The program will be used to prepare plots of the probability density for the particle, as a function of time. Using the program the student will then demonstrate some of the following: dispersion of the wave packet, scattering at a potential step, tunnelling through a barrier, etc.
| > > |
- Time evolution of quantum-mechanical wave packets in 1D
The aim of this project is to write a computer program that calculates the time-evolution of a quantum-mechanical particle in one dimension, for different choices of potential. The student will use wave packets to describe a non-relativistic particle of non-zero mass m and momentum p. The program will be used to prepare snapshots of the probability density for the particle, as a function of time. Using the program the student will then demonstrate some of the following: dispersion of the wave packet, scattering at a potential step, tunnelling through a barrier, etc. This project builds on material from the 2nd year Quantum Mechanics course.
| |
- Numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a nuclear pile
The aim of this project is to write a computer program to implement a numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a 2D nuclear pile. A real nuclear pile -- in order to be able to sustain a nuclear chain reaction with a steady release of energy -- must include different components: fissionable fuel, a neutron moderating material, and "control rods" for neutron absorption. A basic output of the program will be the energy released as a function of time. Once the program has been written the student will be able to use it as a tool to investigate: what are the conditions required for achieving a steady-state energy release; how the dimensions of the pile affect its energy output; how the density, or geometric configuration, of the pile components affects the performance of the pile, etc.
Both projects require writing a computer program from scratch. Therefore, computer-programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects. | |
< < | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 09 Jul 2020 | | \ No newline at end of file | |
> > |
-- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 07 Jun 2021 |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
-
- Photometry using either aperture method or PSF fit.
- Interpretation of the HR diagram (cluster age, main-sequence slope).
| |
< < | Dr Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics | > > | Prof. Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics | |
- Simulations of laser particle beam interactions for medical and other applications
Non-invasive laserwire diagnostics to measure the properties of relativistic particle beams have been developed in recent years at the John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science at Royal Holloway, and demonstrated at Linac4, the new injector for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Software tools have been developed to simulate the interaction of the laser with the hydrogen ion beam and calculate the yield of neutralised particles. This project will extend the existing simulations to study novel diagnostics methods and/or the possibility of using a laser to generate and control a particle beam for medical and other applications. Some experience in python / C++ code would be useful and / or would be gained throughout the project.
Prof. Jon Goff - Condensed Matter Physics |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2020/21 | |
< < | Please send any corrections/updates by email to pedro.teixeira-dias@rhul.ac.uk. | > > | Each finalist BSc student will have to do one project in the Spring term.
Below is the list of BSc projects on offer for supervision in academic year 20/21. Each of the items (A, B, C, ...) listed under each name is a separate project. | |
Prof. Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics
- Physics and Technology Related to Terahertz Spectroscopy and the Refractive Index of Teflon
|
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
< < | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2019/20 | > > | List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2020/21 | | | |
> > | Please send any corrections/updates by email to pedro.teixeira-dias@rhul.ac.uk. | | | |
< < | Dr Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics | > > | Prof. Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics | |
- Physics and Technology Related to Terahertz Spectroscopy and the Refractive Index of Teflon
- The Operation of a Single Electron Transistor
| |
< < | Prof Oleg Astafiev - Nanophysics | > > | Prof. Oleg Astafiev - Nanophysics | |
- Superconducting Artificial Atoms
Dr Tracey Berry - Particle Physics
- Search for New Physics using the ATLAS detector
Learn how to identify known particles in the ATLAS detector and then investigate beyond the Standard Model particles/physics (such as new Z' bosons or gravitons) from studying their decay products (particles). This project involves writing code in C++.
| |
< < | Dr Veronique Boisvert - Particle Physics
- Studies related with the top quark using the ATLAS detector and simulated data
Investigation into aspects of top quark physics involving writing code in C++.
| > > | Prof. Veronique Boisvert - Particle Physics and Climate Science
- Studies related with the top quark using the ATLAS detector and simulated data
Investigation into aspects of top quark physics involving writing code in C++. Prior experience in C++ is not necessary, PH2150 is sufficient.
- Studies related with Climate Science
Investigation into aspects of climate science, focusing on climate change. This is a computing-based project (PH2150 is sufficient). This project is only available to students registered on (or officially auditing) PH3040.
| | | |
< < | Prof Stewart Boogert/Prof Glen Cowan/Dr Daniel Bedingham - Astrophysics Projects Preference given to Astrophysics Students
- Optimising imaging with the RHUL 12-inch telescope
Taking detailed images of astronomical objects like stellar clusters, nebula and galaxies requires careful optimisation of the RHUL 12-inch telescope. This includes measurement of the telescope tracking drift, smallest best achievable focus, focus with different filters and flat fielding. The ultimate aim of this project is to determine the limiting factors to taking the best possible images with the RHUL teaching scope. There is possibility to develop new measurements and data analysis in Python as well as astronomical observations.
- Solar Limb darkening and spectra
The Sun is the only star which can be studied in detail. A feature of the Sun which has been long known is that it is darker at the perimeter compared to the centre. By measuring the variation in the brightness of the Sun across its diameter it is possible to measure the temperature of the Sun as a function of optical depth. The temperature and other properties of the Sun can be determined from taking spectra of Hydrogen lines. This requires coupling a spectrometer to the telescope and fitting Gaussian and Lorentzian line profiles. Students will develop image analysis in python and least squares fitting of functions in Python.
- Lunar and planetary imaging
The moon and planets are bright objects to image within the solar system. The main obstacle to capturing clear images of the moon and planets is distortion by the atmosphere. This distortion can be measured by taking a rapid sequence (at 10 to 100 Hz) of photographs and performing a 2-dimensional Fourier transform and selecting and adding only the sharpest images. Measurements can be taken with a mobile telescope away from the heat of Tolansky Laboratory and other buildings on campus. You will develop video processing and analysis codes in Python and the ultimate aim is to take the best possible image of a planet. A possible extension would be the measurement of planetary spectra.
| > > | Dr Andrew Casey - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
Prof. Glen Cowan - Astrophysics Projects Reserved for BSc Astrophysics students
- Photometry of the White Dwarf 40 Eri B
The project will include:
- Observation of the 40 Eridani system with RVB filters.
- Characterization of the telescope and CCD camera, Statistical model of CCD output, Student's t model of Point Spread Function.
- Photometry of the White Dwarf 40 Eridani B (and companions A and C).
- Interpretation of measurements, including estimate of WD's temperature, luminosity, radius.
- Measurement of Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for open clusters
The project will include:
- Observation of an open cluster with RBV filters.
- Algorithm for background estimation and star finding.
- Photometry using either aperture method or PSF fit.
- Interpretation of the HR diagram (cluster age, main-sequence slope).
| |
Dr Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics
- Simulations of laser particle beam interactions for medical and other applications
Non-invasive laserwire diagnostics to measure the properties of relativistic particle beams have been developed in recent years at the John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science at Royal Holloway, and demonstrated at Linac4, the new injector for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Software tools have been developed to simulate the interaction of the laser with the hydrogen ion beam and calculate the yield of neutralised particles. This project will extend the existing simulations to study novel diagnostics methods and/or the possibility of using a laser to generate and control a particle beam for medical and other applications. Some experience in python / C++ code would be useful and / or would be gained throughout the project.
| |
< < | Prof David Heyes | > > | Prof. Jon Goff - Condensed Matter Physics
- Sodium-ion battery materials
The introduction of electric vehicles and renewable sources of energy has led to increased demand for batteries, and sodium is under consideration as a replacement for lithium. This project investigates how sodium ordering affects electrochemical performance. X-ray diffraction experiments will be performed (if possible) and computer simulations will also be performed to model the data.
- Disorder-induced quantum spin liquids
It has recently been proposed that structural disorder can be used induce long-range quantum entanglement. Structural diffuse neutron scattering has been observed from such a candidate quantum spin liquid. This is a theoretical project, and the aim is to understand the defect structures from the diffuse scattering data using computer simulations.
Prof. David Heyes - Molecular Dynamics, Computational Physics | |
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation and transport coefficients of liquids
For over 50 years the computer simulation technique of Molecular Dynamics (MD) has proved an invaluable tool in understanding liquids and solids. MD acts as a bridge between theory and experiment, and shares some characteristics of the two approaches. The MD method involves solving Newton's equations of motion of a group of interacting model molecules by a time stepping procedure. This project will involve writing an MD program in either Python or C++ to simulate a simple liquid. The code you will write will be used to compute a range of important physical properties. These will include the self-diffusion coefficient of the molecules and possibly other transport coefficients. Computer programming and problem solving skills will be developed. Aspects of the statistical mechanics of liquids will be learned.
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation of confined liquids
There are many situations in nature and technology where a liquid is confined by walls (e.g., synovial fluid in body joints, and lubricants between bearings in engines). The physical properties of confined liquids can be quite different to those in the bulk. Liquids can be modelled using what are called 'particle based' computer simulation techniques, which treat the liquid at the individual molecule level. Many interacting molecules are considered in the simulation. For example, the technique of 'Molecular Dynamics' (MD) follows the trajectories of the individual molecules by solving Newton's equations of motion for their (coupled) trajectories. The project will involve writing an MD computer simulation code in either Python or C++. Some basic properties of liquids confined between walls, such as the density profile in the gap, will be calculated. Computer programming and problem solving skills will be developed. Aspects of the statistical mechanics of liquids in the bulk and in confinement will be learned.
Dr Andrew Ho - Condensed Matter Theory | |
< < |
- Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
| > > | Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
- Thermalisation in small quantum systems
This is a theoretical project involving numerical computation and some analytical calculation. The question is this: when a small quantum system is coupled to a larger quantum system, how does the small quantum system thermalise (or not!) after an initial perturbation that takes the system far from equilibrium? As the project involves tools, concepts from statistical physics, quantum mechanics and numerical simulations, you need to be comfortable and proficient in all these. Reference: Genway et al., Physical Review Letters 105, 260402 (2010); Physical Review Letters 111, 130408 (2013).
- Many-body Localisation
Also a theoretical project involving numerical computation. Recent theoretical (and maybe also experimental) research has uncovered a class of quantum many-body systems where a system can never relax to thermal equilibrium: this involves a competition between disorder and strong interaction between the quantum particles. A key question is this: as we change the strength of the interaction, how does the system go from thermalising, to non-thermalising (said to be Many-body Localised)? Again the project involves tools, concepts from statistical physics, quantum mechanics and numerical simulations, so you need to be comfortable and proficient in all these. Reference: Nandkishore Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 6:15-38 (2015).
| |
Dr Gregoire Ithier - Condensed Matter Quantum Devices
- Simulating a Josephson Bifurcation Amplifier
| | Dr Asher Kaboth - Particle Physics
- An investigation into producing a uniform image with a CCD camera using an LED calibrator
| |
> > | Dr Nikolas Kauer - Theoretical Particle Physics
- Higgs Boson Decay: Phenomenology and Theory
This project explores the phenomenological and theoretical structure of Higgs boson decays in the Standard Model (SM). The project requires very good mathematical and programming skills and the ability to carry out basic Feynman diagram calculations. In the phenomenology part of the project you will study the dependence of the partial decay widths and total decay width of the SM Higgs boson on its mass, and analyse the corresponding branching ratios. In the theory part of the project, you will get experience with making theoretical predictions for partial Higgs decay widths. More specifically, you will derive the formulae for the H --> W- W+ and H --> fermion anti-fermion decay modes. Time permitting the scope of the project can be expanded.
| | Dr Chris Lusher - Low temperature Physics
- Earths Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
The student will learns the principles of Nuclear Magnetic resonance (NMR) and study a variety of materials using an Earths Field NMR Spectrometer. Initial measurements will be concerned with improving the resolution and data acquisition associated with the spectrometer, with a view to observing signals from the phosphorus nuclei in phosphoric acid and doing simple imaging experiments with water phantoms.
| |
< < | Prof Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics | > > | Prof. Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics | |
Possible projects include:
- Extreme sensitivity motion detection system for a Cavendish-type gravity measurement, can we learn something from LIGO?
| |
< < |
- Exploring the stability cone of a driven mechanical oscillator (as an analogue of non-linear effects in superconducting resonators)
(see, e.g. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=is_ejYsvAjY )
| > > |
- Exploring the stability cone of a driven mechanical oscillator (as an analogue of non-linear effects in superconducting resonators)
(see, e.g. https://youtu.be/5oGYCxkgnHQ )
| |
- A precision measurement system for gyroscopic motion, analysing the effects of precession, nutation, asymmetry and loss
| |
> > |
- Developing vector calculus visualisation tools, python for div, grad, curl, the Helmholtz decomposition theorem, and all that
| | | |
< < | All projects will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis. | > > | Projects A, B, C will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis. Project D is code-based. | | | |
< < | Prof Jocelyn Monroe - Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics
- Simultaneous charge and light gain measurements with a TPC prototype
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the instrumentation and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is lab-based, and will involve measurements with a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) in the RHUL Dark Matter Lab. (A TPC is a large-volume gas detector used to detect and track charged particles in 3D.)
| > > | Prof. Jocelyn Monroe - Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics
- Measurement of Lead in Drinking Water using Particle Astrophysics Technology
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the instrumentation and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is lab-based, and will involve measurements of trace levels of radioactivity from lead in the RHUL Dark Matter Lab. There is more information about the project here: http://www.plombox.org/
- Simulation of the DarkSide-50 Dark Matter Search Experiment
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the simulation tools and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is computer-based, and will involve simulating dark matter interaction signals in the DarkSide-50 dark matter experiment.
| |
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Measure or model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one dimensional device.
| | Dr Philipp Niklowitz - Condensed Matter Physics
- Simulation of neutron scattering of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to neutron scattering data of metallic systems near magnetic quantum phase transitions with relevance to critical phenomena and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
| |
< < | Prof Keith Refson - Theory of Condensed Matter
- Investigation into the effects of a rogue body on the stability of the Solar System using 2-Dimensional n-body simulations
Stability of the solar system using N-body computer simulation.
- Crystal structures and properties of Li- and Na- battery anode materials by atomistic computer simulation
Computer coding skills are a pre-requisite for both projects. | | Dr Xavier Rojas - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). The project will involve building a low-cost apparatus to realise this experiment and find the regime of parameters where quantum-like features can be observed. The student will learn problem solving and data analysis skills.
| |
< < | Prof John Saunders - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics | > > | Prof. John Saunders - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics | |
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
| |
< < | Dr Giovanni Sordi - Theory of Condensed Matter
- The Ising model: a gateway to phase transitions and critical phenomena
The Ising model is the archetype of systems that exhibit a phase transition and has inspired generations of physicists. This theory project approaches the statistical mechanics and computational physics of the Ising model. This project requires a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210 and PH3710 is strongly recommended.
| > > | Dr Giovanni Sordi - Condensed Matter Theory, Computational Physics
- The Ising model: a gateway to phase transitions and critical phenomena
This is a project in theoretical and computational physics. The Ising model is the archetype of systems that exhibit a phase transition and has inspired generations of physicists. This theory project approaches the statistical mechanics and computational physics of the Ising model. This project requires a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
- Numerical study of percolation on a square lattice
This is a computational physics project. Percolation is a central problem in statistical mechanics. This computational project explores numerical algorithms (Hoshen-Kopelman, Newman-Ziff) for studying site percolation on a square lattice. This is a challenging project, requiring a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and strong enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210, PH3710, and a C++ course is strongly recommended.
| | | |
< < | Prof Pedro Teixeira-Dias - Particle Physics | > > | Prof. Pedro Teixeira-Dias - Particle Physics, Computational Physics | |
- Time evolution of quantum-mechanical wave packets in 1D
The aim of this project is to write a computer program that calculates the time-evolution of a quantum-mechanical particle in one dimension, for different choices of potential. The student will use wave packets to describe a non-relativistic particle of non-zero mass m and momentum p. The program will be used to prepare plots of the probability density for the particle, as a function of time. Using the program the student will then demonstrate some of the following: dispersion of the wave packet, scattering at a potential step, tunnelling through a barrier, etc.
- Numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a nuclear pile
The aim of this project is to write a computer program to implement a numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a 2D nuclear pile. A real nuclear pile -- in order to be able to sustain a nuclear chain reaction with a steady release of energy -- must include different components: fissionable fuel, a neutron moderating material, and "control rods" for neutron absorption. A basic output of the program will be the energy released as a function of time. Once the program has been written the student will be able to use it as a tool to investigate: what are the conditions required for achieving a steady-state energy release; how the dimensions of the pile affect its energy output; how the density, or geometric configuration, of the pile components affects the performance of the pile, etc.
| |
< < | Computer programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects.
Dr Stephen West - Theoretical Particle Physics
- General Relativity: Particle Motion Near Black Holes
- Astro-Particle Physics: Dark Matter Model Building
| > > | Both projects require writing a computer program from scratch. Therefore, computer-programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects. | | | |
< < | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 04 Jun 2019 | > > | -- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 09 Jul 2020 | | \ No newline at end of file |
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
- Simultaneous charge and light gain measurements with a TPC prototype
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the instrumentation and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is lab-based, and will involve measurements with a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) in the RHUL Dark Matter Lab. (A TPC is a large-volume gas detector used to detect and track charged particles in 3D.)
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics | |
< < |
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Measure or model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one dimensional device.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplaces equations subject to boundary conditions to find how the currect flows in different geometries. Needs Python and/or FlexPDE.
| > > |
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Measure or model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one dimensional device.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplaces equations subject to boundary conditions to find how the currect flows in different geometries. Needs Python and/or FlexPDE.
| | | |
< < | Dr Philipp Niklowitz - Low Temperature Physics
- Thermodynamic properties of weakly magnetic metals
You will investigate the thermodynamic properties from room temperature to low temperatures of a weakly magnetic metal, in which the interactions between electrons can lead to deviations from normal metallic behaviour.
- Electrical transport properties of metals at the border of a quantum phase transition
In this project, you will use resistivity measurements of metals close to a quantum phase transition, a phase transition at low temperatures. You will measure the temperature and magnetic-field dependence in order to investigate excitations characteristic for quantum phase transitions.
| > > | Dr Philipp Niklowitz - Condensed Matter Physics
- Simulation of neutron scattering of magnetic materials
Projects will involve application of available software to specific problems and coding of new simulation tools. Simulations will be compared to neutron scattering data of metallic systems near magnetic quantum phase transitions with relevance to critical phenomena and magnetically mediated superconductivity.
| |
Prof Keith Refson - Theory of Condensed Matter
- Investigation into the effects of a rogue body on the stability of the Solar System using 2-Dimensional n-body simulations
Stability of the solar system using N-body computer simulation.
|
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| | All projects will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis.
Prof Jocelyn Monroe - Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics | |
< < |
- Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics
| > > |
- Simultaneous charge and light gain measurements with a TPC prototype
This is a project with the Dark Matter Research group, focused on some of the instrumentation and methods used in dark matter search experiments. The project is lab-based, and will involve measurements with a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) in the RHUL Dark Matter Lab. (A TPC is a large-volume gas detector used to detect and track charged particles in 3D.)
| |
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Measure or model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one dimensional device.
|
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
- Simulations of laser particle beam interactions for medical and other applications
Non-invasive laserwire diagnostics to measure the properties of relativistic particle beams have been developed in recent years at the John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science at Royal Holloway, and demonstrated at Linac4, the new injector for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Software tools have been developed to simulate the interaction of the laser with the hydrogen ion beam and calculate the yield of neutralised particles. This project will extend the existing simulations to study novel diagnostics methods and/or the possibility of using a laser to generate and control a particle beam for medical and other applications. Some experience in python / C++ code would be useful and / or would be gained throughout the project.
Prof David Heyes | |
< < |
- Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics study of Bounded liquids
Liquids can be modelled using what are called 'particle based' computer simulation techniques, which treat the liquid at the individual molecule level. Many interacting molecules are considered in the simulation. For example, the technique of 'Molecular Dynamics' (MD) follows the trajectories of the individual molecules by solving Newton's equations of motion for their (coupled) trajectories. A more recent closely related technique is 'Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics' (SPH) which is technically very similar to MD but represents macroscopic regions of the liquid as pseudo molecules. The project will involve writing an MD/SPH computer simulation code in C++. The specific application will be to study hydrodynamic flow behaviour of liquids flowing near a solid wall. A deep understanding of MD and SPH, and fluid hydrodynamics will be obtained in this project. Computer programming skills will be developed. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
- Equations of state of small molecule fluids
The objective of this project is to develop new equations of state of simple fluids building on the famous van der Waals equation of state, and more recent extensions of it. This will involve some not too demanding computing and mathematics, and plotting of data. The project will involve deriving formulae for the effective partition function for each equation of state. This can be used to derive analytic formulae for a number of thermodynamic properties, such as internal energy and heat capacity at constant volume and pressure. Comparisons between different equations of state will be made. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
- Second virial coefficients of simple fluids
The ideal gas equation of state is well known. The second virial coefficient is an additional term added on to this which captures the effect of intermolecular interactions on the pressure, making the equation of state unique to each type of molecule. This project will involve deriving formulae for the second virial coefficient for some interaction potentials, and exploring its properties. In particular some interactions used to represent the effective interactions between colloidal and polymer molecules in solution will be investigated. This work will involve some not too demanding mathematics, computation and plotting of data. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
- The isotropic-nematic transition of long thin rods
Molecules or particles which are long and thin exist in nature (e.g., tobacco virus and nanocellulose crystals in solution). The length to diameter ratio can exceed 100. Onsager in 1949 derived dome simple yet accurate formulae which predict the density of the long rods where they go from being randomly orientated to all lining up parallel to each other. The latter is a liquid crystal phase, called the 'nematic' phase. Some extensions and applications of this theory will be investigated in this project. This project will involve some not too demanding mathematics, data analysis and plotting of results. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
| > > |
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation and transport coefficients of liquids
For over 50 years the computer simulation technique of Molecular Dynamics (MD) has proved an invaluable tool in understanding liquids and solids. MD acts as a bridge between theory and experiment, and shares some characteristics of the two approaches. The MD method involves solving Newton's equations of motion of a group of interacting model molecules by a time stepping procedure. This project will involve writing an MD program in either Python or C++ to simulate a simple liquid. The code you will write will be used to compute a range of important physical properties. These will include the self-diffusion coefficient of the molecules and possibly other transport coefficients. Computer programming and problem solving skills will be developed. Aspects of the statistical mechanics of liquids will be learned.
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation of confined liquids
There are many situations in nature and technology where a liquid is confined by walls (e.g., synovial fluid in body joints, and lubricants between bearings in engines). The physical properties of confined liquids can be quite different to those in the bulk. Liquids can be modelled using what are called 'particle based' computer simulation techniques, which treat the liquid at the individual molecule level. Many interacting molecules are considered in the simulation. For example, the technique of 'Molecular Dynamics' (MD) follows the trajectories of the individual molecules by solving Newton's equations of motion for their (coupled) trajectories. The project will involve writing an MD computer simulation code in either Python or C++. Some basic properties of liquids confined between walls, such as the density profile in the gap, will be calculated. Computer programming and problem solving skills will be developed. Aspects of the statistical mechanics of liquids in the bulk and in confinement will be learned.
| |
Dr Andrew Ho - Condensed Matter Theory
- Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
|
|
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
| |
< < | | |
List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2019/20 | |
Computer coding skills are a pre-requisite for both projects. | |
> > | Dr Xavier Rojas - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Hydrodynamic Quantum Analogy
A recent discovery shows that a droplet bouncing at the surface of a vibrating fluid bath could interact with its own wave field in such a way that it exhibits quantum-like behaviour. While these features were previously thought to be exclusive to the microscopic world, they can now be observed using this quantum analog system (see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WIyTZDHuarQ ). The project will involve building a low-cost apparatus to realise this experiment and find the regime of parameters where quantum-like features can be observed. The student will learn problem solving and data analysis skills.
| | Prof John Saunders - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
|
|
> > |
META TOPICPARENT |
name="PH3110BScProject" |
List of PH3110 BSc Projects on offer in 2019/20
Dr Vladimir Antonov - Nanophysics
- Physics and Technology Related to Terahertz Spectroscopy and the Refractive Index of Teflon
- The Operation of a Single Electron Transistor
Prof Oleg Astafiev - Nanophysics
- Superconducting Artificial Atoms
Dr Tracey Berry - Particle Physics
- Search for New Physics using the ATLAS detector
Learn how to identify known particles in the ATLAS detector and then investigate beyond the Standard Model particles/physics (such as new Z' bosons or gravitons) from studying their decay products (particles). This project involves writing code in C++.
Dr Veronique Boisvert - Particle Physics
- Studies related with the top quark using the ATLAS detector and simulated data
Investigation into aspects of top quark physics involving writing code in C++.
Prof Stewart Boogert/Prof Glen Cowan/Dr Daniel Bedingham - Astrophysics Projects Preference given to Astrophysics Students
- Optimising imaging with the RHUL 12-inch telescope
Taking detailed images of astronomical objects like stellar clusters, nebula and galaxies requires careful optimisation of the RHUL 12-inch telescope. This includes measurement of the telescope tracking drift, smallest best achievable focus, focus with different filters and flat fielding. The ultimate aim of this project is to determine the limiting factors to taking the best possible images with the RHUL teaching scope. There is possibility to develop new measurements and data analysis in Python as well as astronomical observations.
- Solar Limb darkening and spectra
The Sun is the only star which can be studied in detail. A feature of the Sun which has been long known is that it is darker at the perimeter compared to the centre. By measuring the variation in the brightness of the Sun across its diameter it is possible to measure the temperature of the Sun as a function of optical depth. The temperature and other properties of the Sun can be determined from taking spectra of Hydrogen lines. This requires coupling a spectrometer to the telescope and fitting Gaussian and Lorentzian line profiles. Students will develop image analysis in python and least squares fitting of functions in Python.
- Lunar and planetary imaging
The moon and planets are bright objects to image within the solar system. The main obstacle to capturing clear images of the moon and planets is distortion by the atmosphere. This distortion can be measured by taking a rapid sequence (at 10 to 100 Hz) of photographs and performing a 2-dimensional Fourier transform and selecting and adding only the sharpest images. Measurements can be taken with a mobile telescope away from the heat of Tolansky Laboratory and other buildings on campus. You will develop video processing and analysis codes in Python and the ultimate aim is to take the best possible image of a planet. A possible extension would be the measurement of planetary spectra.
Dr Stephen Gibson - Accelerator Physics
- Simulations of laser particle beam interactions for medical and other applications
Non-invasive laserwire diagnostics to measure the properties of relativistic particle beams have been developed in recent years at the John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science at Royal Holloway, and demonstrated at Linac4, the new injector for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Software tools have been developed to simulate the interaction of the laser with the hydrogen ion beam and calculate the yield of neutralised particles. This project will extend the existing simulations to study novel diagnostics methods and/or the possibility of using a laser to generate and control a particle beam for medical and other applications. Some experience in python / C++ code would be useful and / or would be gained throughout the project.
Prof David Heyes
- Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics study of Bounded liquids
Liquids can be modelled using what are called 'particle based' computer simulation techniques, which treat the liquid at the individual molecule level. Many interacting molecules are considered in the simulation. For example, the technique of 'Molecular Dynamics' (MD) follows the trajectories of the individual molecules by solving Newton's equations of motion for their (coupled) trajectories. A more recent closely related technique is 'Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics' (SPH) which is technically very similar to MD but represents macroscopic regions of the liquid as pseudo molecules. The project will involve writing an MD/SPH computer simulation code in C++. The specific application will be to study hydrodynamic flow behaviour of liquids flowing near a solid wall. A deep understanding of MD and SPH, and fluid hydrodynamics will be obtained in this project. Computer programming skills will be developed. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
- Equations of state of small molecule fluids
The objective of this project is to develop new equations of state of simple fluids building on the famous van der Waals equation of state, and more recent extensions of it. This will involve some not too demanding computing and mathematics, and plotting of data. The project will involve deriving formulae for the effective partition function for each equation of state. This can be used to derive analytic formulae for a number of thermodynamic properties, such as internal energy and heat capacity at constant volume and pressure. Comparisons between different equations of state will be made. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
- Second virial coefficients of simple fluids
The ideal gas equation of state is well known. The second virial coefficient is an additional term added on to this which captures the effect of intermolecular interactions on the pressure, making the equation of state unique to each type of molecule. This project will involve deriving formulae for the second virial coefficient for some interaction potentials, and exploring its properties. In particular some interactions used to represent the effective interactions between colloidal and polymer molecules in solution will be investigated. This work will involve some not too demanding mathematics, computation and plotting of data. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
- The isotropic-nematic transition of long thin rods
Molecules or particles which are long and thin exist in nature (e.g., tobacco virus and nanocellulose crystals in solution). The length to diameter ratio can exceed 100. Onsager in 1949 derived dome simple yet accurate formulae which predict the density of the long rods where they go from being randomly orientated to all lining up parallel to each other. The latter is a liquid crystal phase, called the 'nematic' phase. Some extensions and applications of this theory will be investigated in this project. This project will involve some not too demanding mathematics, data analysis and plotting of results. Problem solving skills will be learnt.
Dr Andrew Ho - Condensed Matter Theory
- Non-equilibrium dynamics and thermalisation in simple quantum systems
Dr Gregoire Ithier - Condensed Matter Quantum Devices
- Simulating a Josephson Bifurcation Amplifier
Dr Pavel Karataev - Particle Physics
- Advanced simulations of electromagnetic processes in condensed media at ultra-relativistic energies
- Design and experimental test of efficient electromagnetic materials (complex structures and metamaterials) for applications in charged particle accelerators
- Development of a miniature pyroelectric accelerator
Dr Asher Kaboth - Particle Physics
- An investigation into producing a uniform image with a CCD camera using an LED calibrator
Dr Chris Lusher - Low temperature Physics
- Earths Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
The student will learns the principles of Nuclear Magnetic resonance (NMR) and study a variety of materials using an Earths Field NMR Spectrometer. Initial measurements will be concerned with improving the resolution and data acquisition associated with the spectrometer, with a view to observing signals from the phosphorus nuclei in phosphoric acid and doing simple imaging experiments with water phantoms.
Prof Philip Meeson - Quantum Devices/Low Temperature Physics
Possible projects include:
- Extreme sensitivity motion detection system for a Cavendish-type gravity measurement, can we learn something from LIGO?
- Exploring the stability cone of a driven mechanical oscillator (as an analogue of non-linear effects in superconducting resonators)
(see, e.g. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=is_ejYsvAjY )
- A precision measurement system for gyroscopic motion, analysing the effects of precession, nutation, asymmetry and loss
All projects will require experimental design, construction (with the help of our technical staff), data acquisition, modelling and python data analysis.
Prof Jocelyn Monroe - Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics
- Particle Physics / Particle Astrophysics
Dr James Nicholls - Nanophysics
- 1D Ballistic Wires
Measure or model the electrical and thermal transport properties of a one dimensional device.
- Resistance of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Solve Laplaces equations subject to boundary conditions to find how the currect flows in different geometries. Needs Python and/or FlexPDE.
Dr Philipp Niklowitz - Low Temperature Physics
- Thermodynamic properties of weakly magnetic metals
You will investigate the thermodynamic properties from room temperature to low temperatures of a weakly magnetic metal, in which the interactions between electrons can lead to deviations from normal metallic behaviour.
- Electrical transport properties of metals at the border of a quantum phase transition
In this project, you will use resistivity measurements of metals close to a quantum phase transition, a phase transition at low temperatures. You will measure the temperature and magnetic-field dependence in order to investigate excitations characteristic for quantum phase transitions.
Prof Keith Refson - Theory of Condensed Matter
- Investigation into the effects of a rogue body on the stability of the Solar System using 2-Dimensional n-body simulations
Stability of the solar system using N-body computer simulation.
- Crystal structures and properties of Li- and Na- battery anode materials by atomistic computer simulation
Computer coding skills are a pre-requisite for both projects.
Prof John Saunders - Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
- Condensed Matter / Low Temperature Physics
Dr Giovanni Sordi - Theory of Condensed Matter
- The Ising model: a gateway to phase transitions and critical phenomena
The Ising model is the archetype of systems that exhibit a phase transition and has inspired generations of physicists. This theory project approaches the statistical mechanics and computational physics of the Ising model. This project requires a good understanding of statistical mechanics, and enthusiasm for mathematics and computation. Attending PH3210 and PH3710 is strongly recommended.
Prof Pedro Teixeira-Dias - Particle Physics
- Time evolution of quantum-mechanical wave packets in 1D
The aim of this project is to write a computer program that calculates the time-evolution of a quantum-mechanical particle in one dimension, for different choices of potential. The student will use wave packets to describe a non-relativistic particle of non-zero mass m and momentum p. The program will be used to prepare plots of the probability density for the particle, as a function of time. Using the program the student will then demonstrate some of the following: dispersion of the wave packet, scattering at a potential step, tunnelling through a barrier, etc.
- Numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a nuclear pile
The aim of this project is to write a computer program to implement a numerical simulation of a fission chain reaction in a 2D nuclear pile. A real nuclear pile -- in order to be able to sustain a nuclear chain reaction with a steady release of energy -- must include different components: fissionable fuel, a neutron moderating material, and "control rods" for neutron absorption. A basic output of the program will be the energy released as a function of time. Once the program has been written the student will be able to use it as a tool to investigate: what are the conditions required for achieving a steady-state energy release; how the dimensions of the pile affect its energy output; how the density, or geometric configuration, of the pile components affects the performance of the pile, etc.
Computer programming skills are a pre-requisite for both projects.
Dr Stephen West - Theoretical Particle Physics
- General Relativity: Particle Motion Near Black Holes
- Astro-Particle Physics: Dark Matter Model Building
-- Pedro Teixeira Dias - 04 Jun 2019 |
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